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Manufactured sand (M-Sand) is a substitute of river sand for concrete construction . Manufactured sand is produced from hard granite stone by crushing. The crushed sand is of cubical shape with grounded edges, washed and graded to as a construction material. The size of manufactured sand (M-Sand) is less than 4.75mm.
Increase in demand and decrease from natural sources of fine aggregate for the production of concrete has resulted in the need to identify new source of fine aggregate. Due to increased levels of construction expected in the forthcoming years, it is expected that fine aggregates suitable for use in concrete will become scarce or uneconomical to produce. With the expected shortfall in natural sands
Manufactured sands offer a viable alternative to natural sand manufactured sand has to satisfy the technical requisites like workability and strength of concrete. Since the data on this aspect of concrete using manufactured sand is scarce, it is necessary to investigate the concrete produced with manufactured sand.
The produced sand is then sieved and washed to remove fine particles and impurities, and tested for various quality aspects before it is deemed fit as a construction aggregate. The size specification for manufactured sand is that it should pass completely through a 3/8 inch sieve
Thus the major drawbacks of natural sand like irregular particle sizes, presence of organic impurities, clays etc. are totally overcome. Manufactured sand is widely used around the world and technicians of major projects around the world insist on the compulsory use of manufactured sand because of its consistent gradation and zero impurity.
The use of this sand results in dense and cohesive concrete thus increasing the strength and life of the concrete. Manufactured sand is popularly known by several names such as crushed sand, rock sand, green sand, robo sand, poabs sand, barmac sand, pozzolana sand, and artificial sand.
Now days Vastu Shashtra is more popular, followed by so many persons for constructing a house. As per Vastu Shashtra the building material must be free from traces of human body or animal body. The river sand contains bones of human beings and animals. The shells are also one kind of bone .It is not easy to take out all such things present in the river sand .The best solutions for this is to use manufacturedsand of good quality.
There are various factors that are currently driving the production of manufactured sand:
Global scarcity for natural sand: Injudicious sand mining and continuous depletion of natural aggregate sources have led to the implementation of new environmental/land use legislations which has made the procurement of natural sand difficult and expensive. Sand dredging is heavily taxed/ banned in many parts of the world.
Growing demand for fine-aggregates in construction: Nearly 65-80% of the volume of concrete and screed mixes is made up of sand/aggregates. The UK market alone requires an approximate 200 Million Tonnes of aggregates every year for various construction purposes.
Remote location of sand pits: Licensed sand pits producing the required quality of sand are often located in remote locations, leading to and high costs in transportation. Presence of silt and clay in natural sand: Natural sand is inherently high in silt and clay. It can be damaging for screed and concrete, if the sand is not sufficiently processed to bring down clay and other impurity content to acceptable levels. Reduce the wastage of low-value by-products in the quarries: The low value aggregates formed as a by-product of rock crushing can be utilized efficiently to create a high value product.
More cost effective than natural sand: Manufactured sand can be produced in areas closer to construction sites, bringing down the cost of transportation and providing an assurance of consistent supply.
Compliant with the new European Standards: Manufactured sand can be used as aggregates in screed and concrete mixes, as per EN13139. It can be used as a replacement or as a blended mixture with natural sand.
Less disruptive to the environment: The land used for quarrying rock can be reclaimed for commercial/residential purposes or used for wetland restoration. This can help in reducing the sand mining from river beds.
Lesser impurities and good working properties: Manufactured sand is free of silt and clay particles, and has denser particle packing than natural sand. It also offers higher flexural strength, better abrasion resistance, higher unit weight and lower permeability.
M-Sand is obtained from specific hard rock (granite) using the state-of-the-art International technology, thus the required property of sand is obtained
M-Sand is cubical in shape and is manufactured using technology like High Carbon steel hit rock and then ROCK ON ROCK process which is synonymous to that of natural process undergoing in river sand information.
Modern and imported machines are used to produce M-Sand to ensure required grading zone for the sand.
The manufactured sand has required gradation of fines, physical properties such as shape, smooth surface textures and consistency which makes it the best sand suitable for construction. These physical properties of sand provides greater strength to the concrete by reducing segregation, bleeding, honeycombing, voids and capillary
Thus required grade of sand for the given purpose helps the concrete fill voids between coarse aggregates and makes concrete more compact and dense, thus increasing the strength of concrete.
Since manufactured sand (M-Sand) is processed from selected quality of granite, it has the balanced physical and chemical properties for construction of concrete structures.
This property of M-Sand helps the concrete structures withstand extreme environmental conditions and prevents the corrosion of reinforcement steel by reducing permeability, moisture ingress, and freeze-thaw effect increasing the durability of concrete structures.
Sand is one of the important constituents of concrete. The main purpose of mixing sand (fine aggregate) in concrete is to fill the voids between Coarse aggregate. And the voids between fine aggregate is filled with cement. Sand bulks the concrete and helps to increase the workability of concrete.
Sand is formed by the weathering of rocks. Well, different regions use the variety of sands (Pit sand, River sand, Sea Sand) in construction according to the availability. A good fine aggregate should be well graded (all particles that have almost same size).
The fine aggregate used for construction should pass 4.75mm sieve and retain on 150microns sieve.
Below mentioned tests are the simple tests which you can perform quickly on site to find out the quality of Sand. These tests include checking the properties of Sand which affect the strength and the quality.